The world is divided into virtual partitions that make each individual separate and distinct. Nothing is the same between everything and every human being who ever lived in this earth. However, there are always things that unite us. Leads us fall into certain groups. Make us feel belongin. Having a sense of kinship, history, shared causes. Have the same civilization.
Talking about civilizations that ever existed in the history of human life, makes us enter into the bulkhead as the dimensions of space and time. Bulkhead that restricts interaction between human beings who live in the same world, but in a different civilization. In the same time, some civilizations exist side by side. Sometimes, or even often solve conflicts between civilizations, and may each other down.
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Radical Islamic civilization and Western Christian civilization is a real example of a great civilization that had a lot of impact especially in this new century. As in Samuel Hatington hypothesis expressed in the thesis and his book "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (1996)", the new patterns of conflict that emerged after the Cold War ended. The conflict is no longer based solely on ideology and economics but is based on the separation of human beings on the basis of culture. After the war ended ideology, international politics out of the western phase and begin to interact with a non-western culture or interaction between the non-western cultures. Huntington saw the roots of the conflict of the world which caused by the existing of civilization and solidity group of countries that involved in.
This century, Islamic civilization seemed to appear and become a challenger against western civilization. Bump into each other. Two great civilizations which will be assessed at a time when every civilization will look for the weakness of his opponent civilizations, and revering their own civilization.
So, what caused the clash of civilization? There are many factor, such as:
1. Differences among civilizations are not real, but fundamental. It is the basic that it is difficult to see the way unifying of the existing differences.
2. The world is getting narrower due to the intense interaction between civilizations.
3. Economic and social changes have made the individual apart from its local identity (secular), here appears the basic perspective of various religions. The Revival of Religion, as expressed by Gilles Kepel, provide basic identity and commitment that removes nationality and culture.
4. The growth of civilization-consciousness. It is the effect of the failure of the ideas offered by the west like capitalism. This way that non-western civilization back to their basic initial values as Asianize and Hinduism.
5. Based on cultural differences that difficult to be compromised.
6. Regional economy increased from 1980.
According to Huntington, the conception of civilization first appeared in the 18th century by French thinkers. Emerging concept and contrasted with 'barbarism'. Then civilization in the plural sense putting civilization as a cultural entity. Huntington also argues that civilizations are mortal (impermanent). However, civilization survive very long, he developed and adaptable and have a significant effect on human life.
Huntington, after the collapse of the Soviet Union and communist ideology, which was also mentioned by Francis Fukuyama in The End of History, shows the movement of the world to reach a new equilibrium. Western civilization led by the United States and European countries have virtually no balancing force, then in Huntington thought, he saw the countries with the basis of Islamic civilization was the one who emerged as a stabilizing force. Civilization is the culmination of the development of people's lives and, according to Huntington, the clash of civilization is a global-scale tribal conflict. These conflicts, involve several international political issues, like:
1. Influence in the formation and development of global policies of international organizations such as the UN, IMF and World Bank.
2. The military power that triggering controversies
3. The effort to protect the civilization and country's existence.
4. Value and culture
5. Scarcity that afflicts the world
The world appeared in the spirit of 'ancient hatreds' that leads the world in the spirit of war to defend the existence of their cultural entity. The spirit is of course somewhat contradictory to the spirit of universal civilization that emerged in the early 20th century, however, according to Huntington, it appears as a search form in order that the ideal world or how the world find its balance point.
Through his book, The Clash of Civilization and the Remaking of World Order, Huntington West directed to give special attention to Islam. According to him, among the great civilizations that still exist until now, Islam has the greatest potential to shake Western civilization, as evidenced in clash of civilization. Huntington stressed that it must be distinguished between the Islamic militant Islam in general. Militant Islam is a real threat to the West. He says,
"... But militant Islam is a real threat to the West by the terrorists and rogues state which is trying to develop nuclear weapons, as well as other ways."
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