The second theory of neoliberalism is more widely studied in the literature as well as more widely known as neoliberalism. The emergence of the theory of this neoliberalism was motivated at a meeting in April 1947. At that time, Friedrich August von Hayek invited experts with various backgrounds from North America and Europe. These experts included Milton Friedman, George Stigler, Karl Popper, Lionel Robbins, Wilhelm Röpke, Ludwig von Mises, Michael Polanyi, Salvador in Madariga and Walter Euchen. The purpose of this group was to promote liberalism to all over world. Furthermore, they were members of a support group called neoliberalism "The Mont Pelerin Society" or MPS (Deliarnov, 2006: 163; see also Eppler, 2009: vii).
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This group described neoliberalism as an ideology with a mission to get rid of the role of government in economic affairs and handing the affairs of the market (Deliarnov, 2006: 164). This concept is based on the premise that for human progress it is necessary to free enterprise. Free enterprises include property rights, individual liberty, free markets and free trade. Neoliberalism became a key concept in explaining the hegemony of globalization interest. In essence, neo-liberalism is a form of practical political economic theory that primary human oriented as economic beings (homo economicus) (Losche, 2009: 6). This concept contains about the search for personal wealth on an ongoing basis. The absence of private property rights made people can not obtain welfare (Harvey, 2007: 64).
There are some things as the key factor to improve the well-being and as a solution of socioeconomic problems. These include markets, deregulation, de-bureaucratization, privatization, and the reduction welfare programs and subsidies. In a book entitled “The Road to Serfdom” (1944), Hayek revealed that the thing need to do is to allow individuals to react to the market prices are formed freely. Thus, there will be optimization of capital allocation, human creativity and labor. This condition is very conducive and may not be imitated by centralized planning as good as any (Deliarnov, 2006: 164).
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